Peptide Research Glossary
A reference glossary of 53 key peptide research terms, hormones, drugs, and regulatory concepts. Each entry links to a detailed page with related terms.
All terms (A-Z)
- 503A Pharmacy — A traditional compounding pharmacy that prepares custom medications under state ...
- 503B Pharmacy — An outsourcing facility registered with the FDA that can produce larger quantiti...
- Amino Acid — The building block of peptides and proteins. Amino acids contain an amine group,...
- Bacteriostatic Water — Sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative. Used to reconsti...
- BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) — A neurotrophin that supports neuron survival, growth, and synaptic plasticity. S...
- Bioavailability — The fraction of an administered drug that reaches systemic circulation in active...
- BPC-157 — A synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide derived from a human gastric juice protective ...
- Cellular Metabolism — The chemical reactions in cells that convert food to energy and build/break down...
- CJC-1295 — A modified GHRH analog used in research as a long-acting growth hormone-releasin...
- Compounded Drug — A medication prepared by a licensed pharmacist by combining or altering ingredie...
- Epitalon — A synthetic tetrapeptide developed in Russia by Vladimir Khavinson. Researched f...
- FDA Category 2 — A regulatory classification for compounded drugs that the FDA has determined pre...
- FDA Classification — The regulatory categorization assigned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ...
- GHK-Cu — A copper-binding tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) naturally occurring in ...
- Ghrelin — A peptide hormone produced primarily in the stomach that stimulates appetite and...
- GHRH (Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone) — A hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary to release growth ...
- GHRP-6 — A growth hormone-releasing hexapeptide that acts on ghrelin receptors. Stimulate...
- GIP (Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) — An incretin hormone that, alongside GLP-1, stimulates insulin secretion in respo...
- GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) — An incretin hormone secreted by intestinal L-cells in response to nutrient inges...
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonist — A class of drugs that bind to and activate the GLP-1 receptor, mimicking the eff...
- Growth Hormone (GH/HGH) — A 191-amino-acid peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimula...
- Half-Life — The time required for the concentration of a drug or peptide in the bloodstream ...
- IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1) — A peptide hormone produced primarily in the liver in response to growth hormone ...
- Immune Modulator — A substance that adjusts the activity of the immune system, either upregulating ...
- Injection — Parenteral administration of a substance using a syringe. For peptides, common r...
- Ipamorelin — A selective ghrelin receptor agonist developed as a growth hormone secretagogue....
- Longevity — In peptide research, the field studying interventions that extend healthspan or ...
- Lyophilized — Freeze-dried form of a peptide, used for stability during storage and shipping. ...
- Melanotan II (MT-II) — A synthetic analog of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Researched prima...
- Mitochondrial — Relating to mitochondria, the cellular organelles responsible for energy product...
- MOTS-c — A 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide that regulates metabolic homeostas...
- Mounjaro — The brand name for tirzepatide injection approved by the FDA in 2022 for type 2 ...
- MSH (Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) — A peptide hormone derived from POMC that regulates pigmentation and appetite. α-...
- NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) — Not a peptide but a coenzyme essential for cellular energy production and DNA re...
- Nootropic — A substance that may enhance cognitive function, memory, or learning. Peptides l...
- Ozempic — The brand name for semaglutide injection (0.25–2.0mg weekly) approved by the FDA...
- Peptide — A short chain of amino acids (typically 2–50 residues) linked by peptide bonds. ...
- Peptide Bond — The covalent chemical bond that links two amino acids in a peptide chain. Formed...
- Pharmacokinetics — The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes a drug...
- Protein — A long polymer of amino acids, generally containing 50 or more residues, that fo...
- Reconstitution — The process of adding a diluent (typically bacteriostatic water) to a lyophilize...
- Selank — A synthetic 7-amino-acid peptide developed in Russia, derived from tuftsin. Rese...
- Semaglutide — A long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Novo Nordisk. FDA-approved for...
- Semax — A synthetic 7-amino-acid peptide derived from ACTH. Developed in Russia and used...
- Subcutaneous Injection — An injection administered into the layer of fat tissue beneath the skin. Most re...
- TB-500 — A synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring regenerative pept...
- Telomerase — An enzyme that adds telomere repeats to chromosome ends, counteracting cellular ...
- Thymosin Alpha-1 — A 28-amino-acid peptide derived from thymosin fraction 5. Used clinically in som...
- Thymosin Beta-4 — A 43-amino-acid peptide naturally produced in mammalian tissue. Plays a role in ...
- Tirzepatide — A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly. FDA-approved as Mo...
- Tripeptide — A peptide composed of three amino acid residues linked by two peptide bonds. GHK...
- Wegovy — The brand name for high-dose semaglutide (2.4mg weekly) approved by the FDA in 2...
- Zepbound — The brand name for tirzepatide injection approved by the FDA in 2023 for chronic...