Immune Modulation
Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1)
28-amino-acid immunomodulator · approved in 35+ countries (not US)
- FDA Status
- Not FDA-approved · Approved in Italy, China, others
- Class
- Thymic peptide · immunomodulator
- Sequence
- 28 amino acids · acetylated N-terminus
- Half-life
- ~2 hours
Mechanism of action
- T-cell maturation and function enhancement
- Toll-like receptor (TLR) modulation
- Natural killer cell activity boost
- Cytokine balance modulation
Research areas
- Hepatitis B and C (approved indication abroad)
- Sepsis and severe infections
- Cancer immunotherapy adjunct
- COVID-19 (used in China, Italy)
Evidence and clinical data
Strong international clinical evidence for hepatitis B/C. Phase II/III trials for sepsis. COVID-19 evidence emerged from Chinese and Italian centers in 2020-2022.
Safety profile
Excellent safety record over 30+ years of clinical use abroad. Common: injection-site reactions. Rare serious AEs.
Why this peptide is trending in 2026: Considered the "immune peptide of choice" in functional medicine circles. Long history of clinical use globally despite no FDA approval.
Educational use only. PeptideAdvance does not sell Thymosin Alpha-1, recommend its use, or provide medical advice. The information above is a summary of published research and regulatory status as of April 2026. Some peptides discussed here are not FDA-approved or are restricted under FDA Category 2 — their use outside of authorized clinical research may carry legal and safety implications. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional.